Science:

4 gravitons
In the Pipeline
nanoscale views
Quanta Magazine
Shtetl-Optimized

News and politics:

Jamelle Bouie
Matt Bruenig (also writes NLRB Edge)
Crooked Timber
Jerusalem Demsas
Jay Caspian Kang
Eric Levitz
Money Stuff
Primary School
Split Ticket

Miscellaneous blogs:

Ask a Fuck Up
Citation Needed
Slate Star Codex (now at ACX)
Thing of Things

Podcasts and YouTube:

3Blue1Brown
ContraPoints
If Books Could Kill
Know Your Enemy

Webcomics:

PBF
SMBC
xkcd